解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Elevated fasting glucose level is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. It is unclear if this association is causal. Using the principle of Mendelian randomization, we sought to explore the causal association between circulating glucose and I...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0839
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Progressive fibrosis in the diabetic kidney is driven and sustained by a diverse range of profibrotic factors. This study examines the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of the key fibrotic mediators, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Rat proximal-tubular epithelial cells (NRK...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0892
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Suppression of Kinesin-1 by antisense oligonucleotides, or overexpression of dominant-negative acting kinesin heavy chain, has been reported to affect the sustained phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in β-cells in vitro. In this study, we examined the in vivo physiological role of Kinesin-1 in β-ce...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1078
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Salsalate is a dimeric form of salicylic acid that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activity and to reduce glucose levels, insulin resistance, and cytokine expression. However, the effect of salsalate on vascular injury has not been determined. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1761
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The liver plays a critical role in integrating and controlling glucose metabolism. Thus, it is important that the liver receive and react to signals from other tissues regarding the nutrient status of the body. Leptin, which is produced and secreted from adipose tissue, is a hormone that relays information re...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0074
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The catabasis of inflammation is an active process directed by n-3 derived pro-resolving lipid mediators. We aimed to determine whether high-fat (HF) diet-induced n-3 deficiency compromises the resolution capacity of obese mice and thereby contributes to obesity-linked inflammation and insulin resistance. RE...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0054
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Physical inactivity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and may be more detrimental in first-degree relative (FDR) subjects, unmasking underlying defects of metabolism. Using a positive family history of type 2 diabetes as a marker of increased genetic risk, the aim of this study was to investigate the impac...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0320
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent of pancreatic β-cell function in a large number of insulin-dependent diabetic patients with a disease duration of 50 years or longer (Medalists). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Characterization of clinical and biochemical parameters and β-cell function of 411 Medalists with correlation wi...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0676
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Skeletal muscle protein metabolism is resistant to the anabolic action of insulin in healthy, nondiabetic older adults. This defect is associated with impaired insulin-induced vasodilation and mTORC1 signaling. We hypothesized that, in older subjects, pharmacological restoration of insulin-induced capillary r...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0415
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Given the pleiotropic effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), it is interesting to know whether EPA is capable of improving obesity. Here we examined the anti-obesity effect of EPA in mice with two distinct models of obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1554
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Exercise is an important strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This is due in part to an increase in glucose transport that occurs in the working skeletal muscles. Glucose transport is regulated by GLUT4 translocation in muscle, but the molecular machinery mediating this process is poorly understood....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0233
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Short sleep duration is associated with impaired glucose tolerance and an increased risk of diabetes. The effects of sleep restriction on insulin sensitivity have not been established. This study tests the hypothesis that decreasing nighttime sleep duration reduces insulin sensitivity and assesses the effects...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db09-0699
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:C57Bl/6 mice develop obesity and mild hyperglycemia when fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Although diet-induced obesity (DIO) is a widely studied model of type 2 diabetes, little is known about beta-cell failure in these mice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:DIO mice were separated in two groups according to body weig...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1452
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:MBL2 encodes the mannose-binding lectin, which is a key player in the innate immune system and has recently been found to play a role in insulin resistance and development of type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus. To assess the role of MBL2 in diabetes susceptibility, this gene was analyzed in the...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1593
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Based on its role as an energy storage compartment and endocrine organ, white adipose tissue (WAT) fulfills a critical function in the maintenance of whole-body energy homeostasis. Indeed, WAT dysfunction is connected to obesity-related type 2 diabetes triggered at least partly by an inflammatory response in ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1537
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Insulin resistance and other features of the metabolic syndrome have been causally linked to adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in mice with diet-induced obesity. We aimed to characterize macrophage phenotype and function in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in relation to insulin resistance in obe...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0287
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Paracrine signaling via gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) has been documented in rodent islets. Here we have studied the importance of GABAergic signaling in human pancreatic islets. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Expression of GABA(A)Rs in islet cells was investigated by quantita...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0797
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to estimate the current cumulative risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to diabetic nephropathy in a large, nationwide, population-based prospective type 1 diabetes cohort and specifically study the effects of sex and age at onset. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:In Sweden, all incident ca...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1744
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Monocytes in childhood-onset type 1 diabetes show distinct gene expression. We hypothesize that monocyte activation in monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs discordant for childhood-onset type 1 diabetes could reflect distinct stages of the disease process including diabetes susceptibility (differences between twins, b...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1433
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Circulating fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a biomarker of metabolically demanding human diseases. The aim of this study was to determine whether circulating FASN could be a biomarker of overnutrition-induced metabolic stress and insulin resistance in common metabolic disorders. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Circu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1756
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the obesity-related decrement in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in primary human skeletal muscle cells (HSkMC) is linked with lower mitochondrial content and whether this deficit could be corrected via overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1704
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) treatment in a model of type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Recombinant TRAIL was added in vitro to primary human and mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1771
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate if recurrent autoimmunity explained hyperglycemia and C-peptide loss in three immunosuppressed simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplant recipients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We monitored autoantibodies and autoreactive T-cells (using tetramers) and performed biopsy. The function of auto...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0498
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in rodents. No studies are available in humans to demonstrate that SIRT1 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues is associated with energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESI...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1191
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The proinflammatory cytokines/adipokines produced from adipose tissue act in an autocrine and/or endocrine manner to perpetuate local inflammation and to induce peripheral insulin resistance. The present study investigates whether lipocalin-2 deficiency or replenishment with this adipokine has any impact on s...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1541
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Phosphoinositide 3-kinase enhancer A (PIKE-A) is a proto-oncogene that promotes tumor growth and transformation by enhancing Akt activity. However, the physiological functions of PIKE-A in peripheral tissues are unknown. Here, we describe the effect of PIKE deletion in mice and explore the role of PIKE-A in o...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1404
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Adiponectin is one of several important metabolically active cytokines secreted from adipose tissue. Epidemiologic studies have associated low-circulating levels of this adipokine with multiple metabolic disorders including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. To investiga...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1338
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Posttranslational prenylation (e.g., farnesylation) of small G-proteins is felt to be requisite for cytoskeletal remodeling and fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated roles of protein farnesylation in the signaling steps involved in Raf-1/extracellular signal-related kina...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1334
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Obesity causes insulin resistance, which has been interpreted as reduced downstream insulin signaling. However, changes in access of insulin to sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle may also play a role. Insulin injected directly into skeletal muscle diffuses rapidly through the interstitial space to caus...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0839
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Common variants in the gene TCF7L2 confer the largest effect on the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study was undertaken to increase our understanding of the mechanisms by which this gene affects type 2 diabetes risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Eight subjects with risk-conferring TCF7L2 genotypes (TT o...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1169
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In part, activation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT)-cells with the superagonist alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) inhibits the development of T-cell-mediated autoimmune type 1 diabetes in NOD mice by inducing the downstream differentiation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) to an immunotol...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1116
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Aggregation of human amylin/islet amyloid polypeptide (hA/hIAPP) into small soluble beta-sheet-containing oligomers is linked to islet beta-cell degeneration and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Here, we used tetracycline, which modifies hA/hIAPP oligomerization, to probe mechanisms whereby hA/hIAPP cause...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0548
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Recently, several drugs have been shown to exert beneficial effects for metabolic syndrome through mild regulation of mitochondrial function. Hence, we explored a strategy of targeting mitochondrial function to improve glucose and lipid metabolism. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Mitochondrial membrane potential...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0223
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:White adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) play distinct roles in adaptation to changes in nutrient availability, with WAT serving as an energy store and BAT regulating thermogenesis. We previously showed that mice maintained on a leucine-deficient diet unexpectedly experienced a dramatic reduc...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0929
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Digenic causes of human disease are rarely reported. Insulin via its receptor, which is encoded by INSR, plays a key role in both metabolic and growth signaling pathways. Heterozygous INSR mutations are the most common cause of monogenic insulin resistance. However, growth retardation is only reported with ho...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0787
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Recent studies in humans and animal models of obesity have shown increased adipose tissue activity of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1), which amplifies local tissue glucocorticoid concentrations. The reasons for this 11beta-HSD1 dysregulation are unknown. Here, we tested whether 11beta...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0873
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance via the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Our goal is to decipher the molecular linkage between proinflammatory cytokine production and insulin resistance in macrophages. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We determined cytokine pro...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0232
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Heart failure is a major cause of mortality in diabetes and may be causally associated with altered metabolism. Recent reports indicate a role of inflammation in peripheral insulin resistance, but the impact of inflammation on cardiac metabolism is unknown. We investigated the effects of diet-induced obesity ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db08-1361
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Evaluate if Erb B2 activation and the loss of caveolin-1 (Cav1) contribute to the pathophysiological progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Cav1 knockout and wild-type C57BL/6 mice were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin, and changes in motor nerve conduction velo...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0594
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among people with diabetes. Generation of oxidized LDLs and reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability because of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) dysfunction are critical events in atherosclerotic plaque formation. Biochemical mechanism leading f...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0167
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00